Exmoor Pony

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♘ مدیریت انجمن اسب ایران ♞
The Exmoor pony is the oldest and purist of the British native pony breeds. The ponies have roamed the bleak, open moors of southwestern England, known as Exmoor, for centuries. They are believed to be the direct descendants of the horses that walked onto Britain before it was an island. Archaeological evidence dating back over 60,000 years bears an uncanny similarity to the Exmoor Pony of today.

Natural selection has designed a pony suited to survival in a cold and wet climate without the provision of food or shelter by mankind. Two features unique to the breed are the “hooded-eye”, or heavy upper brow to protect the eyes from wind and rain, and the “snow-chute”, a group of short course hairs at the top of the tail designed to channel rain and snow down away from the body. The snow-chute, or ice-tail is shed each summer and regrown each Autumn. Their summer coat is sleek and shinny, but in winter they grow a double layered coat to provide both insulation and waterproofing enabling them to stand out in the worst of weather and remain dry at skin level. Exmoors are always brown with black points and show the characteristic mealy or buff colored ring around the eyes and muzzle. The forehead is very broad, the eyes large and pronounced, the ears small and the jaw deep. The body is deep and the ribs well sprung. The legs are short and clean with well developed joints and ample bone. The hooves are neat, hard, and well shaped. Their action is straight and true, showing no tendency to animation or sweeping. The preferred height range is 11.3 to 12.3 hands for stallions and geldings, and 11.2 to 12.2 hands for mares. Ponies weigh on average 700-800 pounds. The general appearance is that of balance, strength and definite pony character.

Traditionally, Exmoors were used for herding and tending livestock on the moors but they are more than capable of competing, and winning in such disciplines as jumping, driving, dressage and long distance rides with not only children but adults aboard. Their weight carrying capability for their size also makes them suitable for the disabled. Exmoors enjoy working, are quick learners and posses an almost cat-like ability to jump.

First imported into North America (Canada) in the 1950’s, the breed has remained virtually unheard of until the last 10-15 years. There are several herds of Exmoors throughout North America, and foal number are on the increase. The Exmoor is a rare breed, there being only some 800 ponies globally and less than 40 Exmoors in North America.​
 

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♘امیرحسین♞

♘ مدیریت انجمن اسب ایران ♞
The Exmoor Pony is the oldest and most primitive of the British native ponies, as well as the purest, and some herds still roam free in the moors of southwest England (i.e. Exmoor).

Breed characteristics

The Exmoor is extremely hardy, resistant to many equine diseases, with great powers of endurance. The small, sturdy breed has ample bone, and can carry heavy burdens in relation to its build. It is very sure-footed, and has strong legs and feet with a smooth stride. The head is large, with small ears. The ponies’ eyes are surrounded by a ring of light colored hair, and have a toad-eye appearance due to the fleshy rims that are used to divert water.

In the cold, wet winters the Exmoor grows a double coat, with a soft, wooly undercoat and a longer, oily, water-repellant outer coat. The ponies also have unique hair patterns, including an “ice tail,” where the hair splays outward toward the dock, channeling the water away from the belly.

The ponies have a primitive appearance. They are usually bay, but can be any shade of brown, and they have mealy (oatmeal-colored) markings around the eyes and muzzle. They must not have any white markings in order to be a true Exmoor. They usually only stand 11.1 to 12.3 hh, with the[[HEIGHT] limit for mares being 12.2 hh and the height limit for stallions and geldings being 12.3 hh.

Breed history
The Exmoor is thought to be directly descended from the ponies that migrated from North America across the prehistoric land bridge. There has been very little crossbreeding, making the Exmoor the purest of the native pony breeds. The earliest crossing was with Celtic ponies, who bred with the native ponies of the region in 1000 BC. Only the hardiest of animals survived.

Exmoor was once a Royal Forest and hunting ground, and was sold off in 1818. Sir Richard Acland, the last warden of Exmoor, took thirty ponies and established the famous Anchor herd, which still exists to this day. Local farmers also bought ponies at the dispersal sale, keeping the bloodlines pure.

Some farmers tried crossing the pony with other breeds, but the offspring were not hardy enough to survive the harsh moor, and these herds died out early this century.

The Exmoor Pony Society was formed in 1921, aiming to preserve the purebred Exmoor.

World War II was disastrous for the ponies. The moor became a training ground, and the breed was nearly killed off, with only 50 ponies surviving the war. However, local people were able to rescue and reestablish herds. Exmoor numbers remained low until the early 1980s, when a publicity campaign drew outside attention to the rarity of the breed.

The Exmoor today
The Exmoor is bred throughout Britain, and although the worldwide population is close to 2000, the effective breeding population is less than 250 making Exmoors a rare breed. Some ponies still roam on the moor, and are privately owned. Every October they are rounded up and the foals are inspected and registered with the Exmoor Pony Society. They are branded with a star and herd number on the near shoulder, and the pony’s number on the left hindquarter. Colts considered below standard are gelded.

Those that are not wild are used for a variety of activities, including showing, jumping, long-distance riding, and driving.​
 

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ناشناس

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پوني اگزمور قديمي ترين و خالص ترين نژاد بريتانيايي است . اين حيوان در مراتع بدون حصار شمال شرقي انگلستان قرن هاست كه به اگزمور معروف است . باستان شناسان قدمت اين حيوان را 60000 سال مي دانند .
پوني اگزمور دو خصوصيت منحصر به فرد دارد . يكي ابروهاي پر پشت كه حفاظ چشم هاي او در باد و باران است و ديگر اين كه موهاي بالاي دم اين حيوان به صورتي است كه دم او حالت ناودان دارد و برف و باران به راحتي از بدنش پايين ميريزد و در زمستان بدن اگزمور خشك است . اين موها در تابستان ريخته و در پاييز دوباره رشد مي كند . در تابستان موهاي بدنش براق و صاف و در زمستان سطح بدن را دو لايه مو مي پوشاند كه مانند عايق عمل مي كند .
رنگ پوني اگزمور قهوه اي تا مشكي است و حلقه اي روشن تر از رنگ بدن در اطراف چشم ها و پوزه حيوان ديده مي شود .
پشت عريض ، چشم هاي بزرگ ، گوش هاي كوچك ، آرواره بزرگ ، بدن عميق ، دنده هاي خوب فنري شده ، پاهاي كوتاه با مفاصل خوب ، سم هاي مرتب و سخت از ديگر خصوصيات پوني اگزمور است .
وزن اين حيوانات اغلب 700 تا 800 پوند مي باشد .
بطور كلي اگزمور بعنوان يك دام گله اي شناخته شده است كه بيشتر تمايل دارد در زمين هاي باز و مراتع زندگي كند .
در مسابقات پرش و درساژ شركت داده مي شود و مي تواند مسافت هاي طولاني را به راحتي طي كند .
در سال 1990 اولين پوني اگزمور به شمال آمريكا ( كانادا ) وارد شد . اكنون چندين گله پوني اگزمور در آمريكا وجود دارد و تعداد كره هاي آنها در حال ازدياد است .
اگزمور يك نژاد كمياب و نادر است و در حال حاضر در حدود 800 اگزمور در جهان وجود دارد كه 40 راس در آمريكا مي باشد .
 

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